Low Carbon and Clean Energy
Cleaner ways to power life
Low carbon and clean energy come from sources that create little or no pollution when used. They help power homes, transport and industries in ways that support a more sustainable future.
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Hydrogen
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Nuclear
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CCUS
Hydrogen is a gas that can be used as a clean energy source. When it’s used as fuel, the only by product is water vapour, making it a low carbon option for many activities.
Hydrogen can power buses, trucks and some cars, offering an alternative to petrol and diesel for heavier or longer distance transport. It may also play a role in heating buildings in the future, either by blending it with natural gas or using it in specialised boilers. Industry already uses hydrogen for processes such as refining fuels and making fertilisers.
As more countries focus on reducing emissions, interest in hydrogen is growing. It can be stored for long periods and transported where needed, which makes it useful when renewable energy supplies vary with the weather
Nuclear energy generates electricity using controlled reactions inside a power station. These reactions release heat, which is used to create steam that turns a turbine, producing electricity.
One of the main advantages of nuclear energy is that it produces very low carbon emissions once the station is operating, helping supply cleaner power at a large scale. It is also reliable, providing steady electricity day and night, regardless of weather conditions.
Many countries use nuclear energy to support their energy mix, especially when they want a stable supply that complements renewable sources like wind and solar.
While nuclear power requires strong safety systems and careful long‑term planning, it helps maintain consistent electricity for homes, schools, hospitals and industries.
Carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) is a technology designed to reduce emissions from industries that still need to use fossil fuels.
It works by capturing carbon dioxide before it enters the atmosphere. The CO₂ can then be transported and either used in certain industrial processes or stored safely deep underground.
CCUS is helpful for sectors such as cement, steel and power generation, where cutting emissions is more difficult. It allows these industries to continue operating while cleaner technologies grow. CCUS does not replace the need for renewable energy, but it supports the transition by lowering emissions during the changeover.
Many countries are exploring CCUS to help reach climate targets and support workers and industries as they shift to lower‑carbon systems.
Got questions?
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What is clean energy?
Clean energy is energy that creates little or no pollution when it’s used.
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Why are fossil fuels used?
They’re a reliable and powerful source of energy. We use them a lot for heating, getting around, making electricity and running factories.
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Is nuclear safe?
Like any energy source, nuclear power needs careful planning and responsible management and monitoring. It is also tightly controlled, with strict rules and safety systems.
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Why is hydrogen important?
Hydrogen can be used as a fuel, especially in sectors like transport and heavy industry where batteries aren’t as practical. It’s another way to help us lower emissions.
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What does CCUS do?
Carbon capture, utilisation and storage traps carbon dioxide from industry and stores it safely to less reaches the atmosphere, it’s a bit like fitting a filter to catch emissions before they escape. This is important because carbon dioxide is one of the factors that’s contributing to climate change.
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Does clean energy replace fossil fuels instantly?
No, this will take a long time. Changing them across the world takes time, money and new systems for generating and transporting that power. It’s like upgrading a whole network rather than replacing a single device.
Could fusion power be the answer to clean and secure energy?
Nuclear fusion is a reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei collide and join, forming a new nucleus.
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